BETSHY
A psychological experiment conducted by the army through Eastman Kodak Company advertisements as explained by Robert Yerkes in 1912.
Yerkes, R. M. et al. (1912) ‘The class experiment in psychology with advertisements as materials’, Journal of Educational Psychology. Warwick & York, 3(1), pp. 1–17. doi: 10.1037/h0072656.
Ellis Island was an immigration station which opened in 1892 with the purpose of screening all immigrants to identify and exclude the ones having a mental deficiency. Because many of the workers at this island were passionate about the eugenics movement, they became ideologically extreme to the point where they felt it was their duty to single out disabled immigrants in order to prevent what they considered to be genetically inherited criminal behaviours. By the time the island closed in 1954, 12 million immigrants had been processed, many of them under the Immigration Act 1924. Ellis Island’s history provides humanity with a reference to what xenophobia, discrimination, and inequality are about.; and how white supremacy has existed since before the world wars.
Wikipedia: Immigration Act 1924
Byford, J., McAvoy, Jean and Banyard, P. (2014) Investigating intelligence, The Open University.
NEWS REPORTS: “Last year, there were 1,652 antisemitic incidents in the UK, a 16% increase on the year before, including verbal abuse on the streets. If you fail to extend solidarity to a victim of antisemitism because you do not agree with their politics, then you do not truly oppose antisemitism at all”.
FACTS AND FIGURES: “The most common type of incident involved verbal antisemitic abuse directed at Jewish people, with 724 incidents. There was a fall of 17% in the number of violent antisemitic assaults, from 149 in 2017 to 123 last year, including one classified by the CST as “extreme violence”. There were 78 incidents of damage or desecration to Jewish property.”
TESTIMONY: “That isn’t to say someone who is the victim of abuse should not be criticised. I confess, dear reader, that I have one or two critics out there: I would never argue that I should be immune from scrutiny because I receive homophobia and death threats every day, or because I have been repeatedly chased by far-right activists “
(The Guardian, 2019)
The Guardian: Antisemitic Incidents in UK at Record High for Third Year in a Row
The transatlantic cable, completed in July 1866, was the beginning of distance telecommunications. It was created by Cyrus W. Field and built in New York.
A device “for giving general electric treatment for psychological effect, in psycho-neurotic cases” during the war. The electroconvulsive therapy was first used on a human being in 1938.
Bergonic Chair by Otis Historical Archives National Museum of Health and Medicine under CC BY 2.0.
About
Galton’s first Anthropometric Laboratory situated in a corner of the International Health Exhibition in Kensington, London.
1884–1885
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In 1888, a reporter from the Pall Mall Gazette paid a visit to Galton’s Anthropometric Laboratory in London, where instruments developed by Galton measured the physical and mental characteristics — from keenness of hearing to breathing power — of over 10,000 people. The resulting article, titled “A Morning With the Anthropometric Detectives”, described Galton’s laboratory as a world of “order and precision, and tests of the nicest accuracy”. “Dumb though they are,” Galton told the reporter, “what splendid detectives our instruments might prove”.
History
Sir Francis Galton sets up his laboratory in London in 1884 and begins mental testing, much of which was conducted mainly under the principles of craniometry. Not only did he measure the participant’s skull but also assessed “performance on a range of simple physical tasks, such as tests of eyesight, strength of grip, colour vision, hearing, hand preference, and so on”
(Byford, 2014).
Book
The Life Letters and Labours of Francis Galton
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